Yuav ua li cas los xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm ginsenosides

Hais txog kev tshawb fawb, cov hau kev rau rho tawm ginsenosides suav nrog cov dej rho tawm, dej cawv, thiab lwm yam. Raws li cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv, ntxiv ib qho tsim nyog rau cov ginseng hmoov rau dej, kub thiab rhaub, thiab tom qab ntawd lim dej rho tawm. Tom qab ntawd, los ntawm kev sib cais txuas ntxiv thiab huv si, cov khoom lag luam uas xav tau.

Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm ginsenosides? Txoj kev coj mus kuaj niaj hnub yog siv siab-ua kua chromatography.
Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau paub txog kev paub zoo nrog kev paub ua kua chromatography, tab sis kuj tseem ua kom cov txheej txheem sib xws. Txhua kauj ruam ntawm kev tu, qauv npaj, txoj kev siv tau, thiab cov qauv ua piv txwv thiab khiav ntawm lub tshuab yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov txiaj ntsig. Ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem kuaj thiab cov txheej txheem cov qauv kev ua haujlwm, ib qho tseem yuav muaj qee qhov kev sim ua tiav kev xeem thiab kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv raug thiab tau txais.

Raws li peb txhua tus paub, txhawm rau txhawm rau paub cov ntsiab lus ntawm ginsenosides, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua ntej npaj cov qauv ua haujlwm thiab cov kuab tshuaj, feem ntau yog siv cov qauv sab hauv. Dissolve, purify cov qauv thiab ua cov qauv Chromatographic ua ke nrog cov qauv kev daws teeb meem ua haujlwm. Txheeb xyuas cov chromatographic kem, kem kub, ntws tus nqi, cov kuab tshuaj, txoj kev kawm, thiab ua haujlwm. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv thiab lub cheeb tsam siab tshaj plaws tau los ntawm cov qauv nkhaus, thiab lub txiaj ntsig siab ntawm cov qauv, thiab suav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov qauv, thiab suav cov ntsiab lus ntawm ginsenosides hauv cov qauv. Yog tias muaj kev txheeb xyuas zoo lossis muaj tseeb nrhiav kom tau cov ginsenosides, kua chromatography-etle spectrometry tuaj yeem siv.

1, kuaj cov khoom
Muaj ntau hom ginsenosides, thiab tam sim no ntau tshaj 40 hom ginsenosides tau raug cais thiab txheeb xyuas, tsuas yog muab faib ua ob pawg Common ginsenosides include Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Rh1, Rh2, etc. Among them, Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd are known as the four major ginsenosides of ginseng. Cov ntsiab lus thiab cov feem ntawm cov saponins sib txawv hauv ntau hom thiab cov chaw ntawm ginseng, yog li cov khoom siv tau yuav tsum tau npog cov khoom tseem ceeb SAPONINATE.
2, Nrhiav tau ntau yam
Kev kuaj xyuas ntau ntawm ginsenosides yog qhov dav, suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau cov qauv hauv qab no:
Ginseng tshuaj ntsuab: ginseng rhizome thiab lwm yam ncaj qha tawm los ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Ginseng cov khoom lag luam: xws li ginseng hmoov, ginseng extract, ginseng tsiav tshuaj, ginseng ua kua, thiab lwm yam.
Ginseng Extract: Ib qho khoom siv nplua nuj nyob hauv Ginsenosides tau muab rho tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb.
Kev kuaj cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj roj, xws li ntshav, cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab lwm yam. Kev faib tawm, thiab metabolism ntawm ginsenosides hauv lub cev.
3, kev ntsuam xyuas txoj kev
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau ntes tau ginsenosides, suav nrog kev ua kua roj shoromoography (LPC), Ulv Ad Visetraphy (LC-MS), thiab ze-infrared spectroscopy (NIR). Hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws rau cov ntsiab cai thiab kev siv ntawm cov hau kev no.
Kev ua kom zoo ua kua chromatography (HPLC)
HPLC tam sim no yog ib qho ntawm cov hau kev rau kuaj pom Ginsenosides, siv dav vim nws qhov sib cais zoo thiab kev paub zoo. Cov qauv no tuaj yeem cais ntau yam thiab ntau ntxiv tshawb xyuas cov ginsenosides los ntawm kev siv cov kab chwv chomatographic tsim nyog thiab mobile. Thaum lub sijhawm ntsuas, cov qauv xav tau kom muaj kev pab cuam thiab kev kho mob huv si los txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntsuas tau.
Qhov tsis zoo:
Cov cuab yeej siv tau yog qhov siab thiab kev ua haujlwm yog qhov nyuaj.
Cov kws tshaj lij kev tshaj lij yuav tsum muaj rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev txij nkawm.

Hom tau zoo:
Kev sib cais siab thiab nrawm soj ntsuam ceev.
Kev siv dav, zoo reproducievility thiab kev ruaj khov.
Nws tuaj yeem muab kev txiav txim siab zoo dua thiab raug yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm ginsenosides hauv cov qauv.
Nyias Khoom chromatography (TLC)
TLC yog ib hom kev sib cais micro nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li cov khoom siv yooj yim thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim. Los ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov qauv ntawm ib lub phaj nyias nyias, kev sib cais ntawm ginsenosides tuaj yeem pom thiab muab piv nrog cov qauv qauv. Txoj kev no feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsom xam ua ntej thiab tshuaj xyuas txaus ntawm ginsenosides.

Qhov tsis zoo:
Cov rov ua dua thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm kev sim yog cov neeg pluag.
Lub sijhawm nrhiav tau yog ntev thiab rhiab yog qhov tsawg.

Hom tau zoo:
Yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab tus nqi qis.
Haum rau kev ntsuam xyuas sai ntawm ginsenosides hauv cov qauv.
UV KOV SPECTROPHOTOMETRY RAWS LI
UV VIS yog kev kwv yees ua ntej ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm ginsenosides los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov nqus ntawm cov qauv. Vim tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm UV nqus ntawm ginsenosides, cov qauv no yooj yim, nrawm, thiab haum rau kev kuaj pom ntawm cov qauv ntau.
Qhov tsis zoo:
Qhov rhiab thiab qhov tseeb yog tsawg.
Kev cuam tshuam loj los ntawm lwm yam hauv cov qauv.

Hom tau zoo:
Yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab tus nqi qis.
Haum rau kev kuaj pom sai thiab kev tshuaj xyuas kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov khoom loj ntawm cov qauv.
Pawg Spectrometry (LC-MS)
LC-MS yog tus txheej txheem analytical uas sib xyaw ua ke chromatography nrog cov qauv loj, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov qauv molecular thiab cov ntaub ntawv loj. Cov qauv no muaj kev siab heev siab thiab raug, thiab haum rau ntes cov kab ke hauv cov qauv nyuaj. Nws yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas kev ntsuas ntawm ginsenosides.

Qhov tsis zoo:
Cov khoom siv yog kim thiab ua haujlwm yog ua nyuaj.
Cov kws tshaj lij kev tshaj lij yuav tsum muaj rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev txij nkawm.

Hom tau zoo:
Tsis tshua muaj siab heev thiab meej.
Tuaj yeem muab cov qauv molecular thiab cov ntaub ntawv loj.
Haum rau ntes cov kab sib txuas ntawm cov qauv nyuaj.
Ze rau infrared spectroscopy (NIR)
NIR yog qhov tsis yog-rhuav tshem, ceev ceev, rhiab, thiab tsis yog xaiv kho qhov muag kho qhov muag uas tuaj yeem ua tau zoo thiab tawm sai sai thiab sai sai thiab sai sai thiab sai sai ntawm saponins hauv ginseng. Hom no ua tau lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kuaj pom thiab kev ntsuam xyuas zoo ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv cov tshuaj suav hauv ib txwm muaj.
Qhov tsis zoo:
Qhov chaw ntawm cov qauv ntawm tus qauv muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb.
Cov ntaub ntawv tsis tau tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tsim kom muaj kev piv tawm.

Hom tau zoo:
Tsis txhob ua kev sim ua tsis muaj kev ua phem yam tsis muaj kev ua kom cov qauv ua kom cov qauv.
Ceev, rhiab, thiab meej.
Haum rau kev tsom xam sai ntawm ntau ntawm cov qauv.
4, Kuaj Seev
Kev kuaj pom ntawm ginsenosides yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej siab ntawm cov twj siab rau kom ntseeg tau qhov tseeb thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov txiaj ntsig kev pom zoo. Nov yog qee qhov kev ntsuas ntsuas thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv:
Kev ua kom zoo ua kua chromatography (HPLC)
HPLC yog ib qho ntawm cov twj paj nruag rau kev kuaj pom Ginsenosides, nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li kev sib cais siab, nrawm rov ua kom ceev, thiab ruaj khov. Feem ntau siv HPLC cov cuab yeej siv HPLC muaj cov ntsuas hluav taws xob siab siab, thiab lwm yam.
Nyias Khoom chromatography (TLC)
TLC cov cuab yeej siv tau tsuas yog siv rau kev tsom xam ua ntej thiab tshuaj xyuas kev tsim nyog ntawm ginsenosides. Nthuav cov qauv los ntawm ib lub phaj nyias nyias, soj ntsuam qhov kev sib cais ua, thiab muab piv rau tus qauv. Txoj kev no yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab ua tau zoo, tab sis kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev sim yog neeg pluag.
UV KOV SPECTROPHOMATOM NTEV
UV Vis Ntsuas kwv yees cov ntsiab lus ntawm ginsenosides los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov nqus ntawm cov qauv. Hom no yog yooj yim, nrawm, thiab haum rau kev kuaj xyuas qhov ntsuas ntawm cov qauv ntau ntawm cov qauv. Feem ntau siv UV voator seev muaj xws li spectrophottometers, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav kev kwv yees txog kev ua ntej ntawm ginsenosides hauv cov qauv.
Kua kua chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)
LC-MS kev ntsuas sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev sib cais ua kua chromatography rau cov muaj zog ntawm kev sib cais thiab kev txheeb xyuas cov orsexic sib xyaw. Cov qauv no muaj kev siab heev siab thiab raug, thiab haum rau ntes cov kab ke hauv cov qauv nyuaj. Cov cuab yeej LC-MS suav nrog cov khoom siv chromatography thiab ntau yam kev tsim tawm, uas tuaj yeem muab cov qauv molecular thiab cov ntaub ntawv loj.
Ze rau infraromed spectrometer (NIR)
NIR twj paj nruag yog qhov tsis yog-rhuav tshem, nrawm, rhiab, thiab tsis yog xaiv kho qhov muag kho qhov muag siv kho qhov muag. Los ntawm scanning lub ze-infrared spectrum ntawm cov piv txwv saum npoo, sai sai cov txheeb xyuas ntawm saponins hauv ginseng tuaj yeem ua tiav. Cov khoom siv NIR muaj xws li nyob ze-infrared spectrometers, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav kev tsom xam sai ntawm cov qauv ntau ntawm cov qauv.
5, Xaus
Ginsenosides, raws li cov kev nquag ua haujlwm ntawm ginseng, muaj ntau yam kev ua haujlwm thiab tau siv dav hauv cov haujlwm xws li tshuaj, cov khoom noj qab haus huv, thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce.